Production of Tablet in Pharmaceutical Industry

Tablet

Tablet is the most used dosage form in the world. Because of –

                                     I.            High stability

                                  II.            Easy to transport

                               III.            Least expensive

                               IV.            Large scale production

                                  V.            Product indication is very simple

                               VI.            Control release of drug

                            VII.            Reliable therapy

                         VIII.            Conventional route for administration

Tablets are the solid preparations each containing a single dose of one or more active ingredients and obtained by compressing uniform volume of particles.

According to British Pharmacopoeia, “Tablets are solid dosage forms circular in shape with either flat or convex faces and prepared by the compression or compaction of suitably prepared medicament by means the tablet machine”.

Tablets are intended for oral administration. Some are swallowed whole, some after being chewed; some are dissolved or dispersed in water before being administered and some are retained in the mouth where the active ingredient is liberated.

Being the most common, convenient and inexpensive dosage form, tablet formulation and design is the most important consideration in solid dosage form production in the pharmaceuticals, which may be described as the process whereby the formulator ensures that the correct amount of drug in the right form is delivered at or over the proper time at the proper rate and in the desired location, while having its chemical integrity protected to that point.

In tablet manufacturing, facilities for dry granulation, wet granulation and direct compression are available. For all solid and semisolid section all the ingredients are dispensed centrally by “Pharmacy” against FO. Penicillin tablets are manufactured using dry granulation using separate facilities. Most of the tablets are done using wet granulation and fewer by direct compression.

In tablet manufacturing, facilities for dry granulation, wet granulation and direct compression are available. For all solid and semisolid section all the ingredients are dispensed centrally by “Pharmacy” against FO. Penicillin tablets are manufactured using dry granulation using separate facilities. Most of the tablets are done using wet granulation and fewer by direct compression.

Unit of tablet section:

Ä  Dispensing Unit

Ä  Granulation Unit

Ä  Compression Unit

Ä  Coating Unit

Wet granulation

Wet granulation is widely used technique. Dry granulation is used for the preparation of antibiotic table.

Flow chart for Wet Granulation

 Preparation of Starch Paste:

1.      Distilled water is added to make a suspension.

2.      Boil distill water by passing steam in a separate container (100⁰C).

3.      Add the hot water to the suspension and is stirred vigorously.

4.      The paste is allowed to cool down to 40⁰C and is applied to the mix.

Flow chart for Dry Granulation

Flow chart for Direct Compression:

 Flow Chart of Tablet Manufacturing

Fig: Tablet manufacturing procedure

A formulation order consists of the following things

1.      Product name

2.      Product description

3.      Product code

4.      Lot number

5.      FO number

6.      FO effective date

7.      Cost centre

8.      Pharmacy weighting & date

9.      Pharmacy certification

10.  Component grade

11.  Batch in Grams

a)      Standard

b)      Dispensing

12.  Actual potency

13.  Actual batch activity in GMs

14.  Validation up to

This FO prepared & checked by PD; Approved by-

ü  Q.A. Manager

ü  Production Manager

ü  Plant Manager